Some coins go far beyond their simple economic function. Such is the case with the Tetradrachm of Messana, struck in Sicily between 412 and 408 BC. A true jewel of Greek numismatic art, this piece combines aesthetic refinement, symbolic richness, and historical significance.
The Coin: stylistic finesse and symbolic richness
This tetradrachm is struck in silver, measuring 25.5 mm in diameter and weighing 17.30 g. Despite a few light handling marks and some die wear, it retains an attractive old-collection patina and is graded Good VF, offering a remarkable balance of visual quality and authenticity.
On the obverse, a charioteer drives a biga to the left. In his right hand he holds a kentron, while both hands grip the reins. Above, the goddess Nike flies right, extending a wreath and fillet to crown the driver. In the exergue, two confronting dolphins complete the scene.
The reverse offers a vivid contrast with a natural tableau: a hare bounding left, evoking speed and vitality. Above it, a dove flies in the same direction, and below, an ear of wheat rounds out the composition. The ethnic legend ΜΕΣΣΑΝΙΩΝ in the exergue attests the coin’s origin.
Each iconographic element alludes to symbols deeply rooted in Sicilian Greek culture—agricultural abundance (the wheat ear), prosperity (the hare), peace (the dove), and victory (Nike).
History: Messana—between Greek influence and local ambition
Situated on the north-eastern tip of Sicily, Messana (modern-day Messina) was a strategic city, both a port and a cultural hub. Founded by Greek colonists in the 8th century BC, it rose to regional prominence, especially in the 5th century.
When this tetradrachm was struck (412–408 BC), Sicily was a battleground for local powers—Syracuse foremost among them—and the great mainland Greek cities. Messana deftly navigated alliances and asserted its identity through coinage of remarkable artistic quality.
The presence of Nike and animals associated with prosperity and peace likely celebrates a military or diplomatic victory while affirming the city’s independence and identity.
A masterpiece
The Messana tetradrachm is a prestige piece, exceptional for both its artistic refinement and historical resonance. It embodies the symbolic richness of Greek iconography and the ambition of Sicilian city-states amid the tensions of the ancient world.
This unique specimen, with prestigious provenance, realized a price of $27,500.
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